Lipid metabolism lecture notes exercise physiology ib. Exercise physiology ib 123al lectures on lipid metabolism during rest and exercise reading. Beta oxidation of fatty acids fatty acid metabolism. Overview of lipid metabolism endocrine and metabolic. Lecture notes clinical biochemistry, tenth edition. If youre behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains. A lecture note on medical biochemistry integrates and summarizes the essentials of the core. However, fatty acids have to be activated for degradation by. Ketone bodies powerpoint slides, pdf with notes, video lecture. From professor southerland at howard university, a good collection of biochemistry lecture notes covering topics in lipid and cholesterol metabolism. The notes, and the corresponding slides, are also freely available in pdf and powerpoint formats. Ch451 biochemistry ii student and teacher resources. Metabolism lecture notes watcut university of waterloo. Objectives by the end of lecture the student should.
This book is composed of 10 chapters that specifically deal with fatty acids, prostaglandins, glycerides, glycerophosphates, cholesterol, isoprenoids, and aromatic compounds. Introduction to lipid metabolism roles of lipids lipids have a wide variety of roles in biological systems. Fatty acids and their derivatives especially triacylglycerols can act as highly concentrated energy storage molecules. They focus on the biochemical pathways that we find in humans, and they also take into account some physiological and clinical aspects. Schoenheimer was eager for bloch to apply the isotope tracer method to study the biosynthesis of cholesterol and had him start by investigating whether the hydroxyl oxygen in. Triglycerides tgs and cholesterol contribute most to disease, although all lipids are physiologically important. Fatty acid metabolism notes part 1 fatty acid catabolism includes the complete oxidation. Since glycerol is a three carbon alcohol, it is metabolized quite readily into an intermediate in glycolysis, dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Beta oxidation of fatty acids takes place in the mitochondrial matrix for the most part. Layers of lipidfilled macrophages alternating with layers of smooth muscle cells. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Defective metabolism of lipids atheroslerosis, fatty liver, hypercholesterolmiea. The carbon chains may be saturated all single bonds or unsaturated containing double bonds. Lipoproteins are complex particles with a central core containing cholesterol esters and triglycerides surrounded by free cholesterol, phospholipids, and apolipoproteins, which facilitate lipoprotein formation and function. Storage and mobilization of fatty acids fa tgs are delivered to adipose tissue in the form of chylomicrones and vldl, hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase into fatty acids and glycerol, which are taken up by adipocytes. Triglycerides are important for human health in that they provide most of the lipids in our diet. This document is highly rated by botany students and has been viewed 902 times. Lecture notes student projects general biology bio 1114 lecture notes to view lecture notes, choose a format msword or adobe acrobat and left click on word or pdf next to the document you wish to open. It is related to carbohydrate metabolism because the carbohydrates will turn into fats. Core of necrotic material, including smooth muscle, macrophages, and lipid, surrounded by a dense fibrous sheath of connective tissue. They usually have an even number of carbon atoms counting the carboxyl carbon. The last reaction is readily reversible if glycerol is needed for the synthesis of a lipid. Discuss when vitamin and mineral supplements should be taken.
The food we eat is our only source of energy for performing biological work fig 25. Describe the structure of fatty acids and explain how saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acid structures differ from one another. Fatty acids are hydrocarbons with energy of complete oxidation about 38 kjg more than twice that for the same weight of carbohydrate or protein. Medical biochemistry is an essential component of curriculum for all categories of health professionals. It enters central metabolic pathway, the citric acid cycle in the mitochondrial matrix. View notes lipid metabolism lecture notes from ib 123 at university of california, berkeley. This lecture note on medical biochemistry integrates and summarizes the essentials of the core subject. Biochemistry and molecular biology 2 biol1181 academic year. The first step in lipid metabolism is the hydrolysis of the lipid in the cytoplasm to produce glycerol and fatty acids.
Many of the apoproteins exist as different genetically determined isoforms, which create individual and population differences in lipoprotein metabolism. Chapter 10 introduction to metabolism lecture 22 power point pdf slides annotated slides power point chapter 10 summary song chapter 11 glycolysis lecture 23. Lipids make up the final big category of metabolism, in addition to carbohydrates and amino acids. Introduction to lipids and lipoproteins ncbi bookshelf.
Lipids are essential components of all living organisms lipids are water insoluble organic compounds they are hydrophobic nonpolar or amphipathic containing both nonpolar and polar regions 1. Metabolism energy and enzymes life is sustained by the trapping and use of energy, a process made possible by enzymes i. Lecture notes, lecture 3 metabolism 1 lipid metabolism. Understand how atp is formed from adp and inorganic phosphate p i, and vice versa. Rittenberg and schoenheimer on the use of deuterium to study metabolism, which was the subject of a previous journal of biological chemistry jbc classic 2. These lecture notes, and the accompanying slides, are intended for teaching human metabolism at the. Lipid and lipoprotein basics thomas dayspring md, facp, fnla activation or inactivation of various lipolytic enzymes such as lipoprotein lipase and other enzymes. If youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website.
Lipid metabolism entails the oxidation of fatty acids to either generate energy or synthesize new lipids from smaller constituent molecules. The study guides in this section were adapted from the lectures and handouts of the professors of the department of biochemistry and molecular biology, the university of. Chapter 16 lipid metabolism triacylglycerols tgs and glycogen are the two major forms of stored energy in vertebrates glycogen can supply atp for muscle contraction for less than an hour sustained work is fueled by metabolism of tgs which are very efficient energy stores because. Cholesterol is a ubiquitous constituent of cell membranes, steroids, bile acids, and signaling molecules. Understand how coenzymea is used to transfer acyl groups. These roles are a consequence of their chemical and physical properties. Lipids biochemistry module biochemistry notes 5 lipids 5. Summarize transport of dietary lipids from intestine. Lipid catabolism catabolism refers to several reactions that produce energy it is a breakdown of complex organic compounds into a simpler compounds.
Betaoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids powerpoint slides, pdf with notes, video lecture. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Lipids are fats that are either absorbed from food or synthesized by the liver. Lecture 11 biochemistry 2000 slide 12 other glycerophospholipids ether glycerophospholipids e. Chapter 8 lecture notes lipids 1 chapter 8 lecture notes. Lipid metabolism focuses on the regulation and metabolism of lipids.
Know the factors that characterize a compound as being a lipid. Chapter 8 lipids characteristics of fatty acids they are usually have straight chains no branches that are about 10 to 20 carbon atoms in length. Disorders of lipid metabolism are recognized risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases, including coronary heart disease chd. Glycolysis glycolysis handout input glycolysis handout payoff p yruvate fermentation. Cholesterol and triglycerides are insoluble in water and therefore these lipids must be transported in association with proteins. This text starts with an overview of fatty acid metabolism and its controlling factors. The metabolism of polar lipids will not be covered systematically. Betaoxidation of odd chain and unusual fatty acids powerpoint slides, pdf with notes, video lecture. Define the terms metabolism, metabolic pathway, catabolism, and anabolism. Files are presented courtesy of the respective instructors, used with permission. Membrane lipid metabolism biochemistry online lecturio. Lipids are a heterogeneous group of waterinsoluble hydrophobic organic molecules that can be extracted from.
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